Stove-polish



t 1 UNITED STATES, PATENT OFFICE.

JULIUS G. POHLE, OE GEORGETOWN, COLORADO.

STOVE-POLISH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 501,845, dated Ju1y'18,1893. Application filed April 8.1886. Serial No, 198,267. (Specinmns)-T0 at whom it may 0070667711.".

Be it known that I, JULIUs G. POHLE, of Georgetown, in the county ofClear Creek, and

in the State of Colorado, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Stove- Polish; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved polish for stoves,ranges and other metal work, and to this end my invention consists inthe polish and method of preparing the same, as hereinafter specified.

In my pending application, Serial No. 177,089, I have described andclaimed broadly a stove polish containing plumbago and phosphoric acid,preferably the mono-hydrated acid.

While a polish consisting simply of plumbago and the phosporic acid is agood one, far ,outlasting the ordinary stove polishes, and while, unlikesuch polishes, it can be put on the stove when the latter is hot or coldand will take a good polish, still I have found it desirable to makecertain changes in its composition to better suit it for use and toneutralize the ill effects of alkaline earthy, or other impurities inthe plumbago used.

It has been found that the plumbago of commerce contains alkalineearths, earthy substances and metallic oxides as impurities, and thatsuch impurities absorb and chemically combine with a portion of the freephosphoric acid present in my polish, as described and covered in myother application referred to, and thus proportionately diminish thenoncombustible quality given to the plumbago by the phosphoric acid. Toneutralize such impurities and thus prevent them entering into chemicalunion with the phosphoric acid, I add, either before or after thephosphoric acid has been mixed with the plumbago, a small quantity ofsulphuric or hydrochloric acid. I prefer, however, to add such acid inconjunction with the phosphoric acid in solution, as follows:-To thephosphoric acid in aqueous solution I add a small quantity of sulphuricor hydrochloric acid,and then add this mixed solution to the requisitequantity of plumbago, and incorporate the whole to the consistence of astiff dough, adding sufficient water for this purpose, in case thesolution of phosphoric acid with its admixture of other acid, was notsufficient toproduce this doughy consistence. The alkaline earths,earthy impurities and metallic oxides are thus neutralized by thesulphuric or hydrochloric acid, either of which acids has a greateraffinity for them than the phosphoric acid, and the pure plumbago isleft to the full and free action of the uncombined phosphoric acidwhich,"as set forth in my pending application referred to, renders theparticles of carbon forming the plumbago incombustible. I prefer to usesulphuric acid for thus neutralizing the impurities, but do not intendto limit myself to such acid.

The action of the phosphoric acid and its advantages in composition withthe plumbago, need not be set forth herein at length, as they are fullydescribed in my other said application.

Instead of using the mono hydrated or glacial phosphoric acid, thechemical symbol of whichis PO HO, I contemplate using other kinds ofphosphoric acid, as set forth in said application, such as theanhydrous, bi or terhydrate, or some salt or compound capable ofyielding free phosphoric acid during the use of the polish, such, forinstance, as phosphate of ammonia.

The relative proportions of the phosphoric acid and plumbago which I useare, as set forth in my said other application,that is, the amount ofeach acid used is from five to twenty per cent. of the amount ofplumbago. The proportion of acid which gives the best result, is aboutfifteen per cent. Of the impurities found to exist in commercialplumbago, the alkaline earths referred to hereinbefore consistessentially of the carbonates of lime and magnesia, and the earthysubstances are chiefly alumina, silica, and sulphate of lime togetherwith ferruginous compounds.

To neutralize the objectionable ingredients existing as impurities inplumbago, I have found that one per cent. of the weight of the plumbago,of ordinary commercial sulphuric acid will be suflicient. Should,however, the impurities exceed ten per cent. a proportionate increase inthe amount of the sulphuric acid should be made.

The point especially desired to be reached is the neutralization of thesalifiable bases, Viz: the carbonates of lime, magnesia, alumina andoxide of iron, and one per cent. of sulphuric acid added to or mixedwith good commercial plumbago is enough to form with these impurities,chemical compounds known as sulphates of lime, magnesia, iron-andalumina. When the less desirable hydrochloric acid is used as theimpurity neutralizing agent,the compounds then formed of such impuritiesare the chlorides of calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum. Sulphuricacid is the best for this neutralizing action, but I contemplate, ifdesired, using either hydrochloric or acetic acid instead.

Stove polish made of plumbago and phosphoric and sulphuric acid, ashereinbefore set forth, I have found willlast many times longer than thepolishing substances, as heretofore made by others and now in themarket, will take a goodpolish whether the stove is hotor cold when itis applied, will retain such polish in spite of great and continuedheat, and will not spot as other polishesdo when water is dropped on thesurface. On account of the tacky nature of phos: phoric acid when thecake of compound of plumbago with phosphoric and sulphuric acids isbroken up, it assumes a granular form without dust. In such form it ismost convenient for use, as it is always loose in the package and,therefore, free to be poured out as desired, and when used forms no dustto be lost and scattered, and makes no dirt.

While the compound as already set forth at length herein makes a goodstove polish and is easily made into thin paste with water when desiredfor use, I- prefer to add to it a little saccharine matter to aid andhasten the disintegration of the particles forming the granules when thelatter are poured into water just before use of the polish by theconsumer. Such saccharine matter I prefer to introduce by adding it tothe solution of phosphoric acid and sulphuric acid before such solutionis mixed with the plumbago in the manner set forthhereinbefore.Theamountof saccharine matter best to be used is about three per cent.

charine matter, but neither of them would be as good or desirable as thelatter for various reasons.

As indicated, the saccharine or other hygrometric substance is not anecessary ingredientin my stove polish, but can be dispensed with orleft out without affecting or lessening the special good qualities ofthe polish, that is, the ability to receive readily a good gloss,whether the surface to which it is applied is hot or cold, and to retainsuch gloss for a great length of time unchanged by heat or by liquidsdropped on it.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is i A stove polishcontaining plumbago, phosph oric acid, and a hygrometric substance,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the'foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this5th day of April, A. D. 1886.

JULIUS c. Po LE.

